According to Mogensen Stage, DN can be divided into 5 stages: stage 1, high perfusion or kidney hypertrophy; stage 2, normal urinary albumin excretion rate; stage 3, also called early DN, microalbumin appearing in the urine; stage 4, also called clinical or dominant DN, plenty of albumin appearing in the urine; and stage 5, end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Here, ALB is linked to chronic kidney disease.