Recently, several immune checkpoint inhibitors were found to enhance cytotoxic competence by targeting PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). They also had significant clinical effects on LUSC [20]. PD-1 antibodies, Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab, as well as PD-L1 antibody Atezolizumab, were allowed for NSCLC therapy [21, 22]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.