Considering the importance of ox-LDL in inducing atheroma (Ding et al., 2012; Tian et al., 2015), we aimed to investigate the roles of lncRNA CASC2, miR-532-3p and PAPD5 in the ox-LDL induced phenotypic and functional changes of VSMCs, and further demonstrate the molecular mechanisms in the development of atherosclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene CASC2 and atherosclerosis.