In young adult rodent models of obesity and metabolic syndrome, circulating Ang-(1-7) levels are reduced, and chronic restoration of this hormone improves blood pressure control as well as measures of metabolic function such as body mass, hyperinsulinemia, insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and lipid metabolism [19,20,21,22,23]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.