Once the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated, it can result in the release of IL-1β, and then amplifying inflammation. Dysregulated activation of NLRP3 inflammasome has been shown to be associated with insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular complications, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes (18-20). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is atherosclerosis.