In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS in young mice, OPCs exhibited cell-cycle arrest linked to an upregulation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) transcription, suggesting that failure of OPC proliferation may be due to CS (Prozorovski et al., 2019). The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.