Proinflammatory cytokines intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) have been reported to be associated with another severe condition, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which shares several pathophysiological features with AE-IPF [7, 8]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.