Preliminary data from patients with HER2-positive aBTC have shown that dual HER2-targeted treatment with pertuzumab and trastuzumab has activity in this setting.49 The combination of BRAF and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors was also tested in a Phase 1 trial, and showed promising results for CCA patients with the activating BRAF V600E mutation.47 Here, BRAF is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.