By binding to integrin avβ3, OPN increases Rho GTPase activity via a downstream signaling pathway that involves RANKL or SRC, PYK2, and FAK in prostate cancer cells35, supporting our results that inhibition of SETD8 dramatically decreases OPN expression, FAK expression, actin remodeling, and migration in HUVECs. This evidence concerns the gene PTK2 and prostate cancer.