NFKB1 and hypopharynx squamous cell carcinoma: Furthermore, we previously showed that hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma obtained from patients with documented biliary laryngopharyngeal reflux demonstrated significant transcriptional activation of NF‐κB‐related oncogenic factors,13 similarly found in our pre‐clinical in vitro and in vivo models and negatively affected by a pharmacologic inhibitor of NF‐κB.8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17In this study, we, therefore, seek to address the topical effect of curcumin in blocking the previously characterized bile‐related mRNA oncogenic phenotype of NF‐κB target genes, in murine HM.