IL11 and cancer: Finally, IL-11 promoted the stemness of cancer stem cell and EMT markers (Figure 6M and N), and intraperitoneal injection of IL-11 significantly promoted tumor metastasis (Figure 6O), which is consistent with the finding from the analysis of TCGA lung cancer dataset that high expression of IL-11 was associated with the poor survival rate of lung cancer patients (Figure 6P, Fig. S11).