In addition to insulin, many advanced T2D patients are prescribed a combination of oral anti-diabetics such as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, meglitinides, SGLT-2, and sulfonylureas.14 Insulin formulations offer many benefits, including diverse pharmacodynamic profiles, no upper dosage limit, and only one source of toxicity (hypoglycemia). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.