PAPPA and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Compared with normal tissues, AC011383.1, PSORS1C3, miR-144, NETO2, NOD2, and SPI2 levels were increased in ccRCC tissues while ALDH1L1-AS2, DNAJC3-AS1, PAPPA, and PCDH9 levels were decreased (P < 0.05) (Figure 7).