The effects of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 on prognosis have also been reported variously: in colon cancer, esophageal cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and ovarian cancer, they were reported to favor good outcomes, while in pancreatic cancer and clear cell kidney cancer, they represented poor prognosis [48]. Here, CXCL11 is linked to colonic neoplasm.