In the latter study, the context of which is most relevant to the topic of this review, ANXA3 was 1 of 11 markers found to be differentially expressed in the blood of children with meningitis compared with uninfected controls (the initial discovery was made in 12 subjects, and then validated using a targeted polymerase chain reaction panel in a set of 229 subjects).31 The gene discussed is ANXA3; the disease is infectious meningitis.