Although there are few studies on the alterations of the Nrf2 system in human patient specimens, Nrf2 pathway activators up-regulate the expression of tight junctional proteins (TJ) and promote redox metabolic functions and ATP synthesis with mitochondrial biogenesis, which protect neurons from stroke in animal models [98,99,100,101,102,103,104]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is Stroke.