This subgroup of clear-cell ovarian cancer exhibited a significantly higher number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), particularly programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-positive TILs, compared with microsatellite-stable clear-cell ovarian cancer as well as high grade serous ovarian cancer, and uniformly expressed programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor cells and/or intraepithelial or peritumoral immune cells [52]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and ovarian clear cell cancer.