HEATR9 and infection: Using gapmer-mediated knockdown of Heatr9 in A549 cells during influenza virus infection, we were able to reduce Heatr9 levels by greater than 80% at 24 hours post infection (48 hours post transfection) (Fig 3B) and by more than 70% at 48 hours post infection (Fig 3C) (72 hours post transfection) compared to the respective time point control gamer transfected influenza virus infected A549 cells.