Despite a significant decrease in the overall frequency of Mtb300-specific CD4 T cells after ATT (median reduction: 42% for HIV− and 61% for HIV+, Supplementary Fig. 4), ATT partially restored CD153 expression in the Mtb-specific CD4 response, irrespective of HIV infection (Fig. 6a). The gene discussed is TNFSF8; the disease is HIV infectious disease.