According to the previously described criteria, a total of 12 differential proteins (A1AG, AADAT, ACY1A, APOA1, CALB1, FETUB, GSH1, LIFR, NEP, NHRF1, SLC31, and VTDB) were ultimately identified in the early phase of the non-tumor-forming process in the lung (Fig. 5B). Here, APOA1 is linked to neoplasm.