MAP1LC3A and infection: Besides, we measured the ratio of LC3-I to LC3-II and the protein levels of a well characterized autophagic substrate, p62/SQSTM1, which binds to LC3 and is specifically degraded as a result of complete autophagic flux; the conversion to LC3-II increased and the level of the p62 was reduced with the increase of infection time and infection concentration, indicating that autophagy was induced and promoted upon EV71 infection.