Mesothelin-based vaccination (Meso-Vax) and AAV vector-delivered interleukin (IL)-12 showed potent antitumor immune responses such as increased mesothelin-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell precursors and high anti-mesothelin antibodies, which resulted in blockade of tumor formation in 100% of mice for at least 60 days after challenge [176]. This evidence concerns the gene MSLN and neoplasm.