Thalassemias and abnormal hemoglobin diagnoses require a combination of laboratory tests including the measurement of red blood cell indices by automatic hematology analyzer, Hb analysis, and quantification of Hb A2 and Hb F. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary zone electrophoresis (CE) system can distinguish thalassemic diseases and the carriers. This evidence concerns the gene GSTM1 and thalassemia.