In the CKD in Children (CKiD) multicenter cohort center, plasma concentrations of proximal tubular injury (kidney injury molecular-1, KIM-1), pro-inflammatory markers (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1) and receptors for proinflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor alpha; TNFR1 and TNFR2) in the highest quartile identified children at greater risk of CKD progression compared with those with concentrations in the lowest quartile (Greenberg et al., 2020). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is chronic kidney disease.