TLR3 has a complex role in viral infections since it was reported that this PRR mediated both beneficial and detrimental effects during the course of viral infections such as IFV, RSV, SARS-CoV, or MERS-CoV (Rudd et al., 2005, 2006; Groskreutz et al., 2006; Le Goffic et al., 2006; Totura et al., 2015). The gene discussed is TLR3; the disease is viral infectious disease.