In addition to 2ʼ3ʼ-cGAMP, STING also recognizes 3ʼ3ʼ-linked cyclic dipurines, including c-di-AMP, c-di-GMP, and 3ʼ3ʼ-cGAMP, produced in the context of infection with certain bacterial species, although with markedly reduced affinities11–14. Here, STING1 is linked to infection.