Characterization of CAF subpopulations, based on multiple marker detection (α-SMA, caveolin-1, vimentin) by multiplex immunohistochemistry on primary PCa tissue microarray, indicated that high fibroblast infiltration significantly correlates to CRPC progression and PCa-related mortality, as assessed independently in two clinical cohorts [174]. This evidence concerns the gene ACTA1 and posterior cortical atrophy.