Whereas GM-CSF pre-treatment of BEC led to increased transmigration of YDFR.CB3 as well as DP.CB2 melanoma cells, the migration of pre-treated melanoma cells through untreated BEC was similar to that of untreated control melanoma cells (Figure 4e,f) These results indicate that GM-CSF may enhance the transendothelial migration of cells originating in some melanomas by reprograming BEC. Here, CSF2 is linked to melanoma.