INS and endothelial dysfunction: Flavanones, flavonols, isoflavone, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and resveratrol are the most studied classes of polyphenols that possess beneficial health effects on MS risk factors, most probably through improvement of insulin signaling, downregulation of oxidative stress, gut bacteria modulation, improvement of endothelial dysfunction, or by directly affecting serum glucose and cholesterol levels by decreasing their absorption or increasing metabolism [152,153].