In contrast, within patients with biochemical characteristics of renal AKI (regardless of the classification criteria applied), significant higher levels of GM2AP (p < 0.001), NGAL, t-gelsolin (p < 0.01) and TCP1-eta (p < 0.05) were detected in the fraction of patients not recovering from AKI (i.e. Non-recovery). This evidence concerns the gene GSN and acute kidney injury.