Alzheimer’s disease (AD), along with a subset of disorders such as frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTPD-17), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and Pick’s disease, exhibit neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) made up of aggregated hyperphosphorylated tau and are collectively known as tauopathies (reviewed by [78]). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.