Moreover, in diabetic CRC animals, the administration of either metformin alone or probiotics alone in the DCRC + M and DCRC + P groups was not able to noticeably reverse the pathological damage (Panel 7B-n and 7B-o), as the respective histological scores were lowered with no statistical significance (ns, Figure 7C). The gene discussed is PIGP; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.