Apart from AIFM3, several mitochondrial proteins such as mitochondrial ribosomal protein, mitochondrial stress 70 protein (mortalin), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3, and manganese superoxide dismutase have been detected in the serum, and has been used as serum marker for breast cancer, colorectal cancer, CCA, and ovarian cancer [20,21,22,23] The present results suggest that AIFM3 should be added as a mitochondrial protein marker in the sera of patients with CCA and probably other cancers. Here, PDK3 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.