Sepsis caused significantly increased serum levels of IL-1β (control median 2.9, IQR 4.0 vs. sepsis median 65.8, IQR 161.0; p = 0.027), IL-6 (control median 12.4, IQR 9.6 vs. sepsis median 40,704.8, IQR 3,130.3; p < 0.001) and TNF-α (control median 23.0, IQR 7.5 vs. sepsis median 77.1, IQR 131.5; p = 0.001) (Fig. 1). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Sepsis.