Following DSS treatment and C. glabrata challenge, high expression of TLR4, 5, 8 and 9 and MBL-C was observed in the colon, indicating that the development of colitis and alterations in the gut microbiota drive TLR and MBL-C activation by different opportunistic bacteria and yeasts including E. coli, E. faecalis and C. glabrata. Here, TLR4 is linked to colitis.