T1DM is caused by the autoimmune-mediated destruction of Langerhans-islet-β-cells and is mainly associated with failure in insulin production, while T2DM is associated with chronic abnormalities of carbohydrate and fat metabolisms in which triggering various pathways induces impaired insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells, insulin resistance, reduced glucose utilization in peripheral tissues, and increased hepatic glucose production [15]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.