In pancreatic β-cells mouse insulinoma (MIN6), palmitate-treated, ASX on the one hand reduced MCP-1 and, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion through the, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and PI3K/Akt pathways and on the other hand attenuated ER stress by reducing CHOP and by upregulating the expression of GRP78, which is an ER chaperone [71]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and pancreatic insulinoma.