CXCL12 and neoplasm: As with the tumor itself, TME also responds to RT by inducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other molecules [126,127], including PDGF, IL1β, TNFα, TGFβ, C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12), MMPs, IL6, EGF, and VEGF.