For example, on one hand it has been shown that testosterone directly affects the expression level of Foxp3 via an androgen-receptor binding motif in the proximal Foxp3 promoter (25), while on the other hand, gonadectomy of male mice in models of virus-induced myocarditis and autoimmune hepatitis resulted in increased or no changes in Tregs, respectively (26, 27). The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is autoimmune hepatitis.