GZMA and Sepsis: It has been shown that extracellular GzmA is able to induce the production of different inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α IL-6, or IL-8 in both mouse and human cells like monocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells (17, 20) (Table 1) which might contribute to the cytokine storm observed during sepsis.