Hence, NRG-4 and adiponectin expression change in a similar manner, while NRG-4 overexpression counteracts the expression of proinflammatory cytokines involved in obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1β (IL1β) (Wang et al., 2014; Chen et al., 2017). Here, TNF is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.