The relevance of the Xiphophorus model to human melanoma stems from the fact that Xmrk, being an oncogenic version of the well‐studied EGFR, uses several already known signalling pathways, including the Ras/Raf/MAPK (mitogen‐activated protein kinase) pathway that is commonly mutated in human melanomas (reviewed in [51]). Here, EGFR is linked to melanoma.