We found 2 PDRVs in TRPM6 in two cases of occipital encephalocele and occipital, cervical and thoracic spina bifida aperta and 1 PDRV in one case of occipital encephalocele and holorachischisis (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.0343; respectively, Fig. 7h and i). This evidence concerns the gene TRPM6 and spina bifida aperta.