In 2015, Paz-Yaacov and colleagues determined that ADAR1 and ADAR2 were elevated in cancer as compared with normal tissues in a variety of tumors (invasive breast carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, bladder urothelial carcinoma lung adenocarcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, and thyroid carcinoma) [58]. The gene discussed is ADAR; the disease is cancer.