NF1 and hereditary pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma: MPNSTs and gliomas are the most common NF1-specific cancers, accounting for 63% of malignancies and a substantial mortality burden in adults younger than 40 years of age; other sarcomas (e.g., rhabdomyosarcomas), gastrointestinal stromal tumors, pheochromocytomas and breast cancers may also occur at a higher frequency compared to the non-affected population [3,4].