Like NF1 patients, NPcis mice spontaneously develop predominantly soft tissue sarcomas including MPNSTs (genetically engineered murine (GEM) PNSTs) and malignant Triton tumors, as well as rhabdomyosarcomas and astrocytomas that severely limit their life expectancy to ~5 months [21,22,23,24]. Here, NF1 is linked to astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).