TLR4 and atherosclerosis: This result further confirms the findings of Ferwerda et al. [44] who reported that the TLR4 Thr399Ile polymorphism is prevalent in the European population, but is almost in non-existent in the African populations, and this finding may help to explain our inability to demonstrate any association between the isolated Thr399Ile allele and a decreased risk of atherosclerosis in this study.