Our data demonstrated that shRNA‐RBM3 blocks HT‐induced RBM3 expression and the protective role of HT also is inhibited or abolished including cognitive deficits, loss of spines and tau phosphorylation in mouse models of TBI combined hypothermia pre‐treatment, suggesting that increased RBM3 expression is required for HT‐induced neuroprotective role for TBI mice. Here, RBM3 is linked to Cognitive impairment.