We now know several translational control mechanisms, which may modulate the translational efficiency of TCTP mRNA; these are (1) signalling through the mTORC1 pathway, e.g., during growth induction of TCTP synthesis, (2) negative regulation by PKR in stress conditions, (3) mRNA stability regulation in Trypanosomes and (4) regulation through a small number of microRNAs in cancer. The gene discussed is TPT1; the disease is cancer.