We assembled a retrospective cohort of 140 randomly chosen patients with autopsy-established neurodegenerative disease, including MSA (n = 26), frontotemporal lobar degeneration-TDP43/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spectrum disorders (n = 34), Lewy body disease with or without coexisting Alzheimer’s disease pathology (n = 29), Alzheimer’s disease (n = 24), other tauopathies (n = 18), and other diseases or mixed/overlapping pathology (n = 9). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.