SMAD7 and autoimmune pancreatitis: Regarding genetic associations, genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate gene‐based approaches have identified several susceptibility loci for human AIP (largely, type 1), including HLA DRB1*04:05‐DQB1*04:01,6FCRL3,7CTLA48, 9 and KCNA3. 10Targeted sequencing has suggested additional genetic associations of AIP, specifically CACNA1S, SMAD7, TOP111 and CALCB. 12Noteworthy, specific PRSS1 mutations (PRSS1_IVS 2+56_60 delCCCAG and PRSS1_p.Leu81Met) that were suggested to cause ectopic trypsinogen activation have also been implicated into the pathogenesis of human AIP type 1.13, 14