Targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 has been proven successful to counteract this immunosuppressive mechanism.6 Human anti-PD-1 antibodies, Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab, inhibit the interaction between the PD-1 receptor and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, and are registered for the treatment of advanced melanoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, bladder cancer, renal cell cancer, and tumors with mismatch repair deficiencies, irrespective of the exact tumor type. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is melanoma.